Abstract: In order to make a comprehensive analysis of coal mining on the aquifer of Quaternary loose soils，Zhangcun coal mine in Lu-an mining area has been chosen to be the research field．After theoretical analysis，numerical simulation and actual observation data contrast，we have found the rule of the water flowing when mining 6 m thickness of coal seam in condition of analyzing the mining of shallow coal to deep coal．The results show that as follows：In the region where the depth of coal seam is less than 110 m，the water flowing fracture would break the aquifer of Quaternary loose soils by breakthrough the water-resisting layer at the bottom of the Quaternary and develop to the artesian aquifer；Though the fissure water in weathered zone could reach to the coalface through the water flowing fracture which has developed to the weathered zone，and there is little impact to the aquifer of Quaternary loose soils in the area that the depth of coal seam between 110 m to 190 m；If the depth of coal seam is more than 190 m，the water flowing fracture only exist in the intact bedrock, and the sandstone fissure water over the roof could flow into the coalface．According to the analysis，the mining in Zhangcun coal mine where the depth of coal seam with 6 m height more than 190 m，there is almost no any influence to the aquifer of Quaternary loose soils．

Key words: Quaternary, the aquifer, water flowing fracture, numerical simulation