深井高应力软岩巷道围岩变形破坏机制及控制

采矿与安全工程学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 571-577.

深井高应力软岩巷道围岩变形破坏机制及控制

中国矿业大学(北京)资源与安全工程学院，北京 100083

收稿日期:2014-10-27 出版日期:2015-07-15 发布日期:2019-09-02
作者简介:张广超(1987—)，男，山东省泰安市人，博士，主要从事矿山压力与岩层控制、安全技术及灾害防治等方面的研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51234005)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2010YZ02)

Deformation failure mechanism of high stress deep soft roadway and its control

Received:2014-10-27 Online:2015-07-15 Published:2019-09-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决深井高应力软岩巷道出现的围岩大变形和支护问题，以邢东矿-980 大巷为例，采用现场调研、数值模拟、井下试验等方法，分析围岩大变形等级和变形破坏机理。研究认为其破坏的主要因素有围岩裂隙发育且敏感性强、高地应力、复杂地质构造、水理作用，确定其属于应力扩容膨胀型(HJS)复合地质软岩。巷道变形破坏动态过程为：围岩裂隙发育、强度低(高应力扰动作用下)→形成大范围破碎带→水理、复杂地质构造及流变特性→大变形失稳。基于上述研究，提出以高强锚网索、可缩性环形支架、注浆加固为核心的多层次耦合支护系统，分析具体支护形式与围岩的耦合作用机理，并进行支护参数设计。工程实践表明：-980 大巷扩修60 d 后围岩变形速率降至1 mm/d，顶板最大收敛值193 mm，两帮最大收敛值114 mm，底板最大收敛值151 mm，实现了深井软岩巷道稳定性控制。

关键词: 软岩巷道, 深井, 变形破坏机制, 多层次耦合支护

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of large deformation and support of high stress deep soft roadway, taking Xingdong ore-980 as an example, combined with field study, numerical calculation and field test, etc, the degree of the large deformation and deformation failure mechanism of surrounding rock have been analyzed. The causes of its failure have been summarized as follows: fracture development and strong sensitivity, high crustal stress, complex geological conditions and hydro-physical property, according to which, the research has indicated that ore-980 roadway is the stress dilatancy expansion type composite geological soft rock. The main reasons for the instability of ore-980 roadway have been found to be the development of surrounding rock fracture and the lower strength (under the high stress disturbance) leading to a wide range of breakage, together with the hydro-physical property, complex geological structures and rheological characteristics, resulting in the large deformation. Based on the above research，the multiple dimensions coupling support which is centered with high strength anchor, yieldable ring support and grouting reinforcement has been proposed, and surrounding rock coupling support mechanism and specific support form have been analyzed, and the design of parameters of concrete support has been done. Field practice has shown that after 60 d of expansion of ore-980 roadway, the convergence rate of surrounding drops 1 mm/d with roof subsidence reaching 193 mm, roadway’s side deformation reaching 114 mm, floor heave reaching 151 mm，which has achieved the goal of effective control of deep roadway with soft surrounding rock.

Key words: soft rock roadway, deep mine, deformation failure mechanism, multiple dimensions coupling support

张广超，何富连. 深井高应力软岩巷道围岩变形破坏机制及控制[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2015, 32(4): 571-577.

ZHANG Guangchao，HE Fulian. Deformation failure mechanism of high stress deep soft roadway and its control[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2015, 32(4): 571-577.

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